Deficiency of blood in a part of the body due to functional constriction or obstruction of a blood vessel is called?

• A. Necrosis
• B. Seclusion
• C. Reverse T position
• D. Ischemia

Answer: (D)

Ischemia is a deficiency of blood flow to a tissue or part of the body caused by constriction or obstruction of its blood vessels. When a vessel narrows or blocks, oxygen and nutrients are not delivered efficiently, and waste removal is reduced. If blood flow is restored quickly, tissue can recover; if it remains reduced for too long, cells become injured and may die, leading to necrosis. This distinguishes ischemia from necrosis, which is the death of tissue itself, while ischemia is the process of reduced blood supply that can be reversible if treated promptly. The other terms do not describe this situation: necrosis means tissue death, and the other options are unrelated.